YCC names ‘Sa Palad ng Dantaong Kulang’ best film, Nadine Lustre best performer

The Film Desk of the Young Critics Circle voted the documentary Sa Palad ng Dantaong Kulang as the best film of 2018. This marks the first time in the Circle’s 29-year history that the top award has been given to a documentary. Jewel Maranan’s film asserts a certain slowness in the urban Manila as to critique its violent accelerations. The film also bagged the Best Achievement in Cinematography and Visual Design award for Maranan.

The award for Best Performance is given to Nadine Lustre, who plays an aspiring career woman in Never Not Love You, which also bagged Best Sound and Aural Orchestration for Jason Conanan, Kat Salinas and Mikko Quizon (sound design) and Len Calvo (original score).

Best Screenplay is awarded to Masla A Papanok, written by Gutierrez Mangansakan II.

Another documentary, Call Her Ganda, was named Best Achievement in Editing, for Victoria Chalk.

The award for Best First Feature is shared by three films: Mamang by Denise O’Hara, Mamu: And a Mother Too by Rod Singh, and Ang Pangarap Kong Holdap by Marius Talampas.

The critics group narrowed down the 132 films that were released in cinemas last year to 18 films and, after thorough deliberations, to a further shortlist of 10. Except for the Best First Feature category, nominations for the 6 major categories can only come from the shortlist.

The Young Critics Circle is composed of film critics and academics from the University of the Philippines Diliman, Ateneo de Manila University, University of Santo Tomas, University of the Philippines Mindanao, and Philippine High School for the Arts. Members who voted for the 2018 citations include Emerald Flaviano (chair), Aristotle Atienza, John Bengan, Christian Jil Benitez, Lisa Ito-Tapang, Skilty Labastilla, Tito Quiling Jr., and Christian Tablazon.

The awarding ceremony will be held in August 2019 at the UP Diliman Vargas Museum.

Below is the list of winners and nominees:

 

BEST FILM

Winner: Sa Palad ng Dantaong Kulang, directed and produced by Jewel Maranan

Nominees:

Call Her Ganda, directed by PJ Raval (Kara Magsanoc-Alikpala, Marty Syjuco, Lisa Valencia-Svensson, and PJ Raval, producers)

Kung Paano Hinihintay ang Dapithapon, directed by Carlo Enciso Catu (Roderick Cabrido and Omar Sortijas, producers)

Masla A Papanok, directed by Gutierrez Mangansakan II (Manet A. Dayrit and Ed Lejano, producers)

Oda sa Wala, directed by Dwein Baltazar (Bianca Balbuena, Iana Bernardez, and Kriz Gazmen, producers)

BEST PERFORMANCE

Winner: Nadine Lustre, Never Not Love You

Nominees:

Perla Bautista, Kung Paano Hinihintay ang Dapithapon

Trio performance (Perla Bautista, Menggie Cobarrubias, Dante Rivero), Kung Paano Hinihintay ang Dapithapon

Celeste Legaspi, Mamang

Ina Raymundo, Kuya Wes

Marietta Subong, Oda sa Wala

 

BEST SCREENPLAY

Winner: Masla A Papanok (Gutierrez Mangansakan II)

Nominees:

Call Her Ganda (Victoria Chalk and PJ Raval)

Kung Paano Hinihintay ang Dapithapon (John Carlo Pacala)

Kuya Wes (Denise O’Hara and Heber O’Hara)

Oda sa Wala (Dwein Baltazar)

 

BEST EDITING

Winner: Call Her Ganda (Victoria Chalk)

Nominees:

A Short History of a Few Bad Things (Maria Estela Paiso and Keith Deligero)

Kung Paano Siya Nawala (Lawrence Ang)

Never Not Love You (Benjamin Tolentino)

Sa Palad ng Dantaong Kulang (Lawrence Ang and Jewel Maranan)

 

BEST CINEMATOGRAPHY AND VISUAL DESIGN

Winner: Sa Palad ng Dantaong Kulang (cinematography: Jewel Maranan)

Nominees:

Kung Paano Hinihintay ang Dapithapon (cinematography: Neil Daza; production design: Marielle Hizon)

Kung Paano Siya Nawala (cinematography: Ike Avellana; production design: Christina Dy)

Kuya Wes (cinematography: Theo Lozada; production design: Ericson Navarro)

Masla A Papanok (cinematography: Willie Apa Jr., Arnel Barbarona, Bagane Fiola; production design: Paramata Endawan)

Never Not Love You (cinematography: Mycko David and Carlo Mauricio; production design: Ana Lou Sanchez)

Oda sa Wala (cinematography: Neil Daza; production design: Maolen Fadul)

 

BEST SOUND AND AURAL ORCHESTRATION

Winner: Never Not Love You (music: Len Calvo; sound design: Jason Conanan, Kat Salinas and Mikko Quizon)

Nominees:

A Short History of a Few Bad Things (music: Lav Diaz, Duke Caing, Young Kael, Maricel Sombrio, John Caing, Bombo Pluto Ova, Stevan Marvin Jamaar, Silhouette; sound design: Rico Mambo)

Masla A Papanok (music: Jem Talaroc; sound design: Willie Apa Jr.)

Oda sa Wala (music: Richard Gonzales; sound design: Immanuel Verona)

 

BEST FIRST FEATURE

Winners:

Mamang (Denise O’Hara)

Mamu; And a Mother Too (Rod Singh)

Ang Pangarap Kong Holdap (Marius Talampas)

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Statement of the Film Desk of the Young Critics Circle on the 2018 Order of National Artists

We, the members of the Film Desk of the Young Critics Circle (YCC), denounce once more the exclusion of Nora Aunor (Nora Cabaltera Villamayor) from the roster of artists inducted into the Order of National Artists (ONA) this year, and reiterate our call for the artistic community to rethink and reform the ONA.

In 2014, Aunor passed all levels of screening in the legally constituted process, presided over by the pertinent state cultural institutions, earning her a place in the shortlist of individuals recommended for conferral with the rank and honor of National Artist by the president. She was denied the accolade, however, on grounds that were, at best, spurious: Benigno S. Aquino III alleged that Aunor had been convicted and punished in connection with a drug case, a claim that was as self-righteous as it was misbegotten—which is to say, completely. Along with other concerned parties, we condemned the lack of rigor in thought and awareness of responsibility that underpinned Aquino’s decision.

Owing to her inclusion in the previous shortlist, Aunor was automatically entered into this year’s shortlist, giving rise to the hope that past caprice would be corrected. Like before, her name was dropped; unlike before, the president has deigned to provide no explanation so far. During the formal ceremonies to confer the ONA and other cultural awards, Rodrigo Roa Duterte, as is his wont, spent much of his time railing disjointedly against human rights advocates and other critics of the increasingly defective democracy that he helms.

The day after, his spokesperson Salvador Panelo addressed the omission of Aunor with remarks clad in condescension and incoherence. Aunor was “still young”, he said, and would become National Artist “in God’s perfect time”. Panelo added that her non-proclamation as National Artist was meant to “spare [her] from the emotional and psychological torment coming from the barrage of mixed reactions the award will bring”.

If Aunor has been “spared” any “torment”, it is that which is bound up with the prospect that her celebrated body of work will be instrumentalized—and therefore drained of its vitality—by the present dispensation in order to obscure or detract from the various forms of violence that it has inflicted upon the country.

Nora Aunor at the 69th Venice International Film Festival in 2012. Courtesy of Carvin de Leon (Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic License).

Choosing National Artists entails the involvement of artists, cultural workers, and government representatives in a lengthy, multi-tiered process that, whatever its flaws, aims to produce a consensus on the basis of judgments that are as sound as its participants can muster. That the consensus around Aunor has now been dismissed twice over through the exercise of presidential prerogative, premised on reasons poorly conceived and ill-articulated, can only register as sheer waste, as wanton abuse, no matter how ostensibly legal. Aunor herself has said, “Bakit pa nila ako isinali rito kung hindi naman pala ako karapat-dapat?”

The assaults that continue to be visited against the integrity and meaningfulness of the ONA compel us to ask what measures can be taken in order to safeguard it from political whim and interference, to ensure that all who take part in the process, from the initial nominators to the president, act in good faith and are made fully accountable for their decisions. We suggest, as a beginning, that the confidentiality veiling the selection process from the scrutiny of the Filipino people, on whose behalf the ONA is bestowed, be revisited: does it bolster independent assessment or facilitate unscrupulous manipulation?

More importantly, considering that the ONA—or indeed any other prize—should not be taken as the definitive measure of an artist’s achievement, it bears asking: What are the reasons that this award persists, nearly five decades after its invention by a self-styled patroness of the arts? What is meant by “achievement”, anyway, and for whom and against whom is it invoked? How are artists, academics, scholars, critics, and cultural workers—we are no exception—complicit in and culpable for the corruption and dysfunction that seem to be inextricable from this highest of honors awarded by the state to artists?

These and other questions all of us must challenge ourselves with again and again if we are serious about overhauling not only the ONA but also the broader infrastructure for arts and culture in which the ONA is but one part.

 

The 28th Annual Circle Citations for Distinguished Achievement in Film for 2017

The Young Critics Circle Film Desk held its 28th Annual Circle Citations for Distinguished Achievement in Film for 2017 last 16 August 2018 (Thursday), 4:00 PM at the Jorge B. Vargas Museum, University of the Philippines-Diliman.

Dr. Jazmin B. Llana, Dean of the College of Liberal Arts, De La Salle University-Manila, was the keynote speaker. Dean Llana is also Chair of the Research TWG of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts and the Vice President of Performance Studies international (PSi).

This event is supported by the University of the Philippines-Diliman Office for Initiatives in Culture and the Arts.

To get a copy of the citations catalogue, please click on this link: YCC complete 2018 081518

Photos

(All photos taken by Lea Marie Diño of Vargas Museum)

The trophies.

YCC members Skilty Labastilla and Em Flaviano host the ceremony.

YCC chairperson Lisa Ito-Tapang delivers her opening message and introduces the keynote speaker, Dr. Jazmin Llana of the De La Salle University-Manila.

Dr. Jazmin Llana delivers her keynote speech.

Skilty Labastilla reads the citations for Best First Feature.

Best First Feature award recipients Thop Nazareno (Kiko Boksingero), Rae Red (co-director with Fatrick Tabada, Si Chedeng at Si Apple), and James Robin Mayo (The Chanters) pose with their trophies.

James Robin Mayo gives a speech.

Rae Red gives a speech.

Thop Nazareno gives a speech.

YCC member Christian Benitez reads the citations for Best Achievement in Cinematography and Visual Design.

Elora Espanto and Joseph Israel Laban representing Marielle Hizon and TM Malones, respectively, pose with Benitez with Hizon’s and Malones’ trophies for Best Achievement in Cinematography and Visual Design for Baconaua.

Shireen Seno (co-editor with John Torres) poses with their trophy for Best Achievement in Editing for Nervous Translation.

Seno delivers a speech.

YCC member Aris Atienza reads the citations for Best Achievement in Sound and Aural Orchestration.

Mikko Quizon (sound design) and Itos Ledesma (music), awardees of Best Achievement in Sound and Aural Orchestration for Nervous Translation, pose with Atienza.

Quizon gives a speech.

Ledesma gives a speech.

Ledesma performs “For a Beautiful Human Life” from Nervous Translation.

YCC member Jaime Salazar reads the citations for Best Screenplay.

John Paul Bedia and Andrian Legaspi pose with their trophies for Best Screenplay for The Chanters.

Legaspi gives a speech.

Bedia gives a speech.

YCC member J Pilapil Jacobo reads the citations for Best Performance.

Anthony Falcon poses with his trophy for Best Performance as Amanda in Mga Gabing Kasinghaba ng Hair Ko.

Falcon gives a speech.

YCC chairperson Lisa Ito-Tapang reads the citations for Best Film of 2017.

Joseph Israel Laban with his trophy for Best Film for Baconaua, with Ito-Tapang.

Laban gives a speech.

Incoming YCC chairperson Em Flaviano introduces the current membership of YCC and welcomes new YCC member, Tito R. Quiling Jr.

The awardees and nominees pose with the YCC.

After the program, Falcon chats with Jacobo.

(L-R) Skilty Labastilla, J Pilapil Jacobo, Anthony Falcon, Tessa Guazon, and Patrick Flores.

 

Medusae (2017): Deep End of the Ocean

Nonoy L. Lauzon

 

What does it take to be a good mother? What does it take to be a good filmmaker? Pam Miras’ Medusae processes an interrogation of such circumstantial essentials with the emotionally wrenching tale of a single mom who loses her son in an island she is filming for its cases of disappearances of firstborns that persist to be more than mere rural-legend stuff.

The son is an albino with a name that embarrasses him as it refers to the place where his parents first met each other. He also happens to sleepwalk, has a recurrent enigmatic dream and professes to have never wanted to be born. The lady filmmaker may not have wanted the pregnancy either but otherwise decided just the same to keep the baby who would grow up to be a problem child she nonetheless deeply loves and cares so much for. The island is peopled by folks who may or may not be resigned to their shared fate of their respective eldest of the brood taken away from their families. The medusae of the film’s title may be construed in the symbolic invocation of aquatic organisms and the nature of their reproduction as such is ultimately tied up with the very statement at the crux of the film on laws of conservation and the indestructibility of living matters and all life forms.

There is value in this parable of the sea as it recasts ways of discerning human action, frailty and limits against the vastness of a universe never to be fully knowable. Myths must exist, cults must emerge, and rites and rituals must be practiced and performed in order for the communities of the living to survive and satisfy the wants that bind humans.

It then becomes the duty of a good mother to come to terms with the flaws that define her relations with her child and it is time for filmmakers to come to the epiphany that it is not always for noble and lofty goals that they peer into private lives to make their films.

 

Si Chedeng at si Apple (2017): Surfacing

Skilty C. Labastilla

 

Si Chedeng at si Apple, the first feature of Rae Red and Fatrick Tabada, is a rambunctious romp that follows two ladies taking a road trip of emancipation as they flee from the law, yes, but more from the shackles of patriarchy.

Chedeng (Gloria Diaz), a closet lesbian mother living unhappily in Manila, decides to go to Cebu Province to find the one that got away after her husband dies. She leaves behind three grown sons and takes with her her simple-minded best friend Apple (Elizabeth Oropesa), who also has a reason to flee the capital. You see, Apple has suffered years of physical and emotional abuse by her live-in partner. In one of these episodes of abuse, she kills her lover in an act of self-defense, and she and Chedeng conspire to dispose of the body, except for the severed head, which Apple believes should be carried, according to Santa Muerte tradition, to prevent the possibility of her wicked lover’s reincarnation. What ensues is 80 minutes of almost non-stop hilarity as the women travel by boat, then by bus, to track Lydia, Chedeng’s long-lost love in rural Cebu, all the while carrying a human head in a Louis Vuitton handbag.

Still photo courtesy of Rae Red and Fatrick Tabada

If Tabada took inspiration from the American road comedy Little Miss Sunshine in co-writing last year’s hysterical Patay Na si Hesus, he looked to an even more iconic American film, Thelma and Louise, for inspiration in coming up with Si Chedeng at si Apple. Both films center on two female best friends who are either abused by their male partners or are generally unsatisfied with their lives, find themselves on the run from authorities, hook up with young studs along the way, and realize in the end that the few years they have left in the world are better spent pursuing their heart’s desires rather than kowtowing to society’s expectations of women.

Si Chedeng at si Apple, however, is far from being a Hollywood copycat as it transcends its source material with a distinct Pinoy, particularly Cebuano, humor. Buoyed by the delicious performances of screen veterans Elizabeth Oropesa and Gloria Diaz, the film is deeply, tenaciously, bravely feminist. It has the audacity to feature not just two women as the key protagonists, but two elderly women at that! Making one of the lead characters a lesbian searching for the love of her life is a conscious act of rejection of heteronormative romance so commonly produced and consumed in these parts. Tabada is also wise to partner with a female filmmaker, Rae Red, in directing his story, as the film surely benefited from her perspective.

When future cultural commentators look back to today, they will note the rise of the #MeToo and #BabaeAko movements, and the Chedeng filmmakers should be proud of coming up with a film that, even if it pre-dates these cultural movements, perfectly captures the sentiments of the new generation regarding the evil of sexual abuse and harassment of women, as well as the beauty of respecting different sexualities and identities.

 

God BLISS Our Home (2017): Tapatan

Aristotle J. Atienza

 

May halina ang katapatan ng dokumentaryong God BLISS Our Home ni Nawruz Paguidopon. Maaaring inaasahan kung suliraning madalas na hinaharap ng anyo ang pagiging makatotohanan (kaya ba’t madulas at mailap), pero hindi laging inaasahan ang katipiran kung paano nito ibinabahagi at ipinamamahagi ang karanasan ng buhay, lalo pa’t sariling talambuhay ang nakikitang isinasalaysay. Maaasahan ang mga naririyan nang makabagong teknolohiya ng pang-araw-araw na lumihis sa nakasanayang pamamaraan upang maipamalas sa manonood hindi ang inaakalang kaalwalan ng buhay, na karaniwang kalat na kalat nang palabas na gawa ng mga ganitong kagamitan, kundi pa ang kabiguan mula sa mga ipinakikita’t ipinaririnig sa pelikula, bagay na makikitang kalimitan namang inilalarawan sa ordinaryong dokumentaryo. Narito sa humaling sa katapatan ng katipiran at kawalan ang pakikipagbunong haharapin sa God BLISS Our Home.

Tulad ng nasulyapan na sa kaniyang pelikulang A Journey to Haifa (2014), na kabilang sa mga dokumentaryong ipinalabas sa Cine Totoo: Philippine International Documentary Film Festival ng GMA News TV, maglalakbay muli ang dokumentarista, kukunan ang sariling bitbit ang mga maaasahang kamerang GoPro, DLSR, handycam (kasama na ang selfie stick). Gaya ng praktis ng pagmamatyag sa mga instrumento ng pagkuha, masasaksihan sa pribadong buhay ng lumikha ang pagnanasang sagutan ang suliraning tagapagtakda ng kaisahan ng dokumentaryo – ang paghahanap ng kaginhawahan sa buhay. Sa ganitong paraan nagiging totoo ang pelikula lalo na’t inilulugar ang kalidad ng mga kuha (ang kakayahan ng liit at gaan ng kamera) sa mga pamilyar na kuwadro ng mga pang-araw-araw. Ang katapatan ay nasa antas ng pagiging hayag ng mga pamamaraang kinakasangkapan pero hindi nakaaabot upang magsilbing gabay mismo para maunawaan ang halaga ng pagmamalay sa nililikhang katapatan. Ang dalhin ang manonood sa mga planadong paghuli sa iba’t ibang sitwasyong pinapasukan ng personal na buhay ang nagagawa ng kaniyang pagkamalay, ang takdaan ang mga nilikhang aksidente ng bigat ng katotohanang tunay na nangyari ang nasaksihan sapagkat naroon siya. Pero mapagkunwari pa rin, dahil nakaraan na ang inilalantad nakapanliligaw maging ang paggabay ng pumapaimbabaw na maramdaming tinig ng kasalukuyan na inilalangkap sa hinaing at hinanakit na nararanasan. Hahanapin mo ang balintuna, na kahit paano’y nakapagpapangiti, pero upang makuha lamang ang suspetsa. Sa huli, sa kabila ng pagtatangkang maging malay, matutuklasan pa rin sa dokumentaryo ang lakas ng pananalig sa katapatan ng kamera, sa paghahari nitong hindi nababali ang sinasabi.

Still photo courtesy of Nawruz Paguidopon

Kung may naihihiwalay na sariling buhay ang manlilikha sa kinaugaliang dokumentaryo dahil abalang kumukuha sa buhay nang may buhay, na karaniwang kapuspalad, babad na babad naman ang pelikula sa buhay ng dokumentarista sa kaniyang pagsisikap na magkaroon ng matiwasay na pamumuhay sa Kamaynilaan. Labing-isang taon nang naninirahan si Naw (Nawruz Paguidopon) sa Bliss sa Lunsod Quezon mula nang pumasok at makapagtapos sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas hanggang sa makahanap ng trabaho rito. Aminadong hindi sapat ang sinusuweldo kaya’t upang mabawasan ang alalahanin sa pinagkakagastusan, pinlanong umupa ng isang buong yunit para mapangupahan sa iba, ang bayad sa pangungupa ng iba ang magiging pambayad niya sa tinitirhan. Pero hindi ito magiging madali dahil kakailanganin niya ng pera upang maisakatuparan ang minimithi, kaya’t magiging pangangalap ng mga pondo itong susuunging paglalakbay ng dokumentaryo. Bukod sa kita at sa pakiusap sa ina na sumusuporta pa rin sa kaniya sa oras ng matinding pangangailangan, sinubukan niyang magbenta ng mga produktong pampaganda mula sa kompanyang paminsan-minsang pinagtatrabahuan, magsugal sa City of Dreams kasama ng kaniyang mga kaibigan, at magpaluwagan sa komunidad na kinabibilangan. Pero wala sa sariling palad ang kaniyang kapalaran, sasamantalahin ng isang malakas na bagyo ang kaniyang mga plano sa buhay kaya’t sa alok ng magulang ay mapapauwi na lamang sa probinsyang kinalakihan.

Dapat pansining bagama’t ikinukuwento ng dokumentaryo ang mga pangyayaring naganap sa kaniyang buhay na hindi maipagkakamaling gitnang-uri, tinangkang maiwasan na tawirin ng pelikula, kahit paano, sa abot ng mapagbibigyang kakayahan, na maging pagsasalsal lamang ito ng sarili. Dahil gumagalaw sa pakikipag-ugnayan sa iba pang nakapaligid sa kaniya, madaraanan din ng kaniyang paglalakbay ang iba’t ibang pakikipagpagrelasyon sa makakasalamuhang kapitbahay, kaibigan, kapamilya, kapuso, at kahit maging kababayan. Mababahaginan tayo ng mga pagsusumikap nina Anita at Criselda, mga katulong ni Naw sa paghahanap ng paupahan at pagkakakitaan. Makikisakay sa mga kaibigang tataya sa mas katanggap-tanggap na pasugalan. Makikitira sa ina, ama, kapatid, mga kapamilyang makakasundo at hindi makakasundo batay na rin sa mga desisyong piniling tahakin. Makakapiling ang mga lalaking makahahalubilo sa pagnanasang makahanap ng mapagsasaluhan ng mga pangarap sa buhay. Sa pag-usad ng sari-saring pangyayaring inilahad sa atin ng pelikula, mararamdamang patong-patong ang mga kabiguan, pero hindi upang hindi ito maluwalhating madiskubre ng iba, ang Doc Spirit Award mula sa Docs Port Incheon (2014) ng Timog Korea, na magtatakdang karapat-dapat ngang maisalaysay itong pagdurusa, at hindi ang iba pa.

Still photo courtesy of Nawruz Paguidopon

Habang naglalakbay kumakapal pang lalo ang mga tala ng buhay sa mga pangyayaring nararanasan ng bansa na isinasangkot sa paglalantad ng sarili. Binuksan niya ang dokumentaryo sa pagpapakilala sa Bliss bilang proyekto ng mga Marcos na nagtangkang harapin noon ang suliranin sa pabahay, na suliraning tinatapatan din naman niya sa kasalukuyan. Pero wala na lamang sa nalulumang gusali ang pag-iral ng mga Marcos dahil tila sinasabing minamana pa rin niya, nila, natin ang krisis na dinadama ngayon ng sarili at ng iba pa. Lalo na’t sa pulidong pagtatahi ni Lawrence Ang, ang editor, sa mga likhang animation at sa mga sinadyang kuhang larawan ng mga pang-araw-araw, nagagawa ng dokumentaryong paglaruan ang katipiran ng hindi kayang kunan o mahirap kunan (pero nakukunan pa rin) at pagtanghalin, sa tulong ng lumanay ng musika ni Diwa De Leon, ang mga pangarap ng kawalan at kabiguang nararanasan din ng iba sa kasalukuyan. Lalakbayin din niya ang iba pang pinunong nangako ng katiwasayan sa bansa sa kaniyang panahon hanggang umabot sa pagtatapos, sa pagnanasang darating ang pagbabago sa isa pang pangako, mula naman ngayon sa paghahalal sa isang bagong pangulo kasabay ng pagpiling lisanin ang kinalakhang kapaligiran matapos ang bagong taon upang ipagpatuloy ang pakikipagsapalaran at pakikipagtunggalian, kasama ng marami pang iba, sa kalunsurang pinipiling maging tahanan, dahil kahit paano ay nakapagpapalaya, kahit hindi pa muna nakapagpapasaya sa kaniya.

Ang katapatan sa dokumentaryong God BLISS Our Home ay nasa kaniyang pagtatapat. Inihaharap sa kamera ang mga kabiguang nararamdaman sa buhay sa paninindigang may kaginhawahang kailangang ipaglaban para sa hinaharap. Pero ang halina ay nasa pagtinging katotohanan na ang katapatan.

 

Kiko Boksingero (2017): Making a Man

Jaime Oscar M. Salazar

 

Following the recent passing away of his mother, Francis “Kiko” Arenas (Noel Comia, Jr.) lives in the care of Diday (Yayo Aguila), his yaya, while Myrna, his aunt, is seeing to arrangements for him to come over to the United States and under her supervision—a task to which Myrna applies herself not entirely with avidity, citing financial difficulties. Grappling with the pain of orphanhood and the dread of leaving his home in Baguio City to reside in a foreign country among relatives with whom he is barely acquainted, Kiko finds an outlet in boxing: unbeknownst to Diday, after classes let out for the day, he departs for the house seemingly abandoned by his estranged father, George (Yul Servo), in order to practice his punches on well-worn equipment that he seeks to keep in good condition. When George makes an unexpected appearance during one of Kiko’s training sessions in the course of putting his house up for sale, Kiko, hungry for familial connection, seeks to slip himself out of Diday’s apron strings and into George’s affections.

Kiko Boksingero (2017), directed by Thop Nazareno, concerns itself with charting how Kiko, at eleven years old, negotiates the arduous transition away from childhood and toward adulthood, primarily in ways that play out on the plane of the quotidian: sleeping, dressing, eating, cooking, shoelace-tying, and walking to and from school, among others, are routine non-events that take on symbolic freight as milestones. The close attention that the film pays to them—at least as much as, if not more than, for instance, the unique event of Kiko’s circumcision—helps to underscore how growing up involves slow, incremental changes of habits and relations rather than sudden transformations. While possessed of a staunch, almost studied, modesty of scale, ambition, and emotion, Boksingero achieves resonance in its broaching of the question of what it means to be and become a man.

The film embarks on an exploration of masculinity mainly in and through the character of George, upon whom Kiko models his future self because of George’s purported aptitude at pugilism. George’s proximity to Manny Pacquiao—George is supposed to have traded occasional blows in the squared circle with the Kibawe-born fighter, who rose out of poverty to carve out a highly decorated and lucrative career in boxing—is crucial to the allure that he acquires in the eyes of his son. The fact that George ultimately proves a disappointment might therefore be read as an incipient critique of the vision of masculinity that Pacquiao, who has parlayed his status as celebrity slugger into various fields, notably politics, represents: on the one hand, wealthy, athletically accomplished, reportedly fun-loving and generous,^[1] as well as cisgender and heterosexual; and on the other, acquisitive of power, derelict in duty, and ignorant of history, not to mention bigoted, misogynistic, homophobic, and transphobic. This is a vision neither merely idiosyncratic to Pacquiao nor wholly of his own making, of course—rather, it is nurtured and sustained in the intricate interplay between lives, institutions, and social forces.

Still photo courtesy of Thop Nazareno

The scenes involving Diday are also instructive, in that they trouble the masculine ideal of self-sufficiency: after all, it is upon her largely unacknowledged physical and emotional labor—her labor as a domestic worker, a point that the film appears, for the most part, to take for granted—that Kiko and George depend in order for them to carry out seemingly autonomous decisions. Kiko prefers to eat hotdogs instead of vegetables, and train with his father rather than going about his usual weekend activities, but it falls to Diday to do the cooking and the prodding awake. For his part, George wants to be able to come and go at will, unsaddled by the responsibility of childcare, leaving it to Diday to look after Kiko whenever it becomes tiresome or inconvenient for George to do himself.

That Boksingero is set in the former American colonial hill station of Baguio—even if rendered in a picturesque manner, effacing the many ills of overdevelopment with which the city has long been plagued—serves as a useful reminder of the American imperialist project to subjugate the Philippines, which boxing, introduced alongside baseball to Filipinos by American soldiers at around the close of the 19th century, is caught up with.^[2] The scholar Gerald R. Gems has noted that sports—disseminated through the school system, and by organizations like the Young Men’s Christian Association, the Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation, and the Far Eastern Athletic Association—were used by the Americans to inculcate civilizing values and channel Filipinos’ nationalism into athletic rivalries.^[3] Boxing, which came with “opportunities for retaliation” and, compared to other sports, greater largesse for winning, became widely popular, leading to the emergence of renowned fighters, such as the flyweight Francisco Guilledo, better known as Pancho Villa, whose feats in the ring challenged “notions of white privilege and prowess” and defied prevailing racial attitudes, which Gems says emasculated Filipinos.^[4] Such fraught history should factor into further efforts to draw out and account for the production, embodiment, and performance of specifically Filipino masculinities.

            ^[1] Gary Andrew Poole, PacMan: Behind the Scenes with Manny Pacquiao, the Greatest Pound-for-pound Fighter in the World (Boston: Da Capo Press, 2010), p. 65.

            ^[2] Gerald R. Gems, “Sport and Colonialism in the Philippines,” The Athletic Crusade: Sport and American Cultural Imperialism (Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2006), p. 48.

            ^[3] Op. cit., p. 49.

            ^[4] Op. cit., pp. 50, 61-2.